昆明理工大学2018研究生招生入学考试-211翻译硕士英语试题(A卷)

昆明理工大学2018年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(a卷)
考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称 ：翻译硕士英语
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part ⅰ vocabulary and structure (1x30=30 points)
in this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. for each sentence four choicess marked a, b, c and d are given. decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. write the appropriate letter on the answer sheet.
1. peter is one of the greatest of our public benefactors. he_____ the cathedral at hampton.
a. resurrected b. repaired c. saved d. restored
2. the last of the sunlight was shining _____ the latticed window.
a. athwart b. through c. into d. over
3. the need of college students to control their own destinies has ______ a new series of policies
from the administration.
a. moved b. prompted c. stimulated d. seduced
4. the boy had been so mistreated that he was faced with a vast, uncomprehending ___ every
day.
a. hesitation b. difficulty c. unease d. uncertainty
5. he ______ under oath that the woman had not been at the scene of the crime.
a. tested b. contested c. protested d. testified
6. perspective in drawing gives the ______ of depth.
a. delusion b. disillusionment c. disillusion d. illusion
7. ron thanked his ______ for helping him through a tough time.
a. benefactor b. beneficiary c. contestant d. arbitrate
8. they criticized martin luther king for his rigid _______ on non-violence.
a. posture b. stance c. attitude d. approach
9. the budgets of several departments will require pruning. all the following can replace the
underlined part except _______.
a. trimming b. chopping c. snipping d. mincing
10. all of the women _______ at how well formed the baby was.
a. acclaimed b. declaimed c. exclaimed d. proclaimed
11. in britain, the sovereign _______ but does not govern.
a. reins b. reigns c. deigns d. feigns
12. these teachers try to be objective when they evaluate the _______ ability of their students.
a. integrated b. integral c. segregated d. desegregated
13. a terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the _______
sight on tv.
a. panic b. patriotic c. pathetic d. periodic
14. the element of nature must be ________ with in any military campaign, which is a lesson we have learnt from unit one in our text book.
a. thought b. considered c. regarded d. reckoned
15. once they have a common goal, nothing ________ their love.
a. stands up to b. gets along with c. gets in the way of d. faces up to
16. heavy fighting has been going on after the red army had launched their ________ against their enemy.
a. offensive b. resistance c. occupation d. retreat
17. the talks might _______ for weeks before any concrete result is announced.
a. press on b. drag on c. get bogged down d. hold out
18. most skin cancers can be cured if ________ and treated early.
a. stared b. looked c. studied d. detected
19. thousands of ex-army officers have found ________ jobs in private security firms
a. helpful b. responsible c. lucrative d. academic
20. the doctor ________ tom’s operation with x-rays and special exercises to make him stronger.
a. followed up b. went after c. started up d. swept aside
2`. friendly contacts between different peoples ________ the cultural and economic interchange.
a. grill b. oblige c. mount d. facilitate
22. irene is so incredibly musical and has a natural ________ to perform.
a. instinct b. conception c. perception d. implication
23. to be ________ with you, i think you’re making a dreadful mistake by refusing to cooperate.
a. responsible b. candid c. efficient d. discontent
24. for my own part, i find that appearances are too often ________.
a. feasible b. insane c. offensive d. deceptive
25(1). the shopkeepers are complaining that business has been reduced to a ________ of what it was before the outbreak of war.
a. section b. portion c. trifle d. fraction
25(2). he should ________ what he’s good at, and not switch to something he knows nothing about.
a. take on b. stick to c. go on d. live on
26. you can ________ the video camera on a tripod，so that you don’t have to worry about holding it steady while you ask questions.
a. mount b. displace c. carve d. eliminate
27. they hurried there ______ the meeting cancelled. in fact, they ______ at all.
a. only finding; mustn’t have gone b. only to find; needn’t have gone
c. only to find; mustn’t have gone d. only finding; needn’t have gone
28. he left orders that nothing ______ touched until the police arrived here.
a. should be b. ought to be c. must be d. would be
29. the team can handle whatever ______.
a. that needs handling b. which needs handling
c. it needs handling d. needs to be handled
30. his strong sense of humor was ______ make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
a. so as to b. so that c. such as to d. such that
part ii reading comprehension ( 40 points )
section a: in this section, there are three passages. each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. for each of them four choices marked a, b, c and d are given. you should decide on the best choice for each question or unfinished statement and then write the appropriate letter on the answer sheet. (2x15 =30 points)
questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.
passage 1
the mental consequences of our online info-crunching are not universally bad. certain cognitive skills are strengthened by our use of computers and the net. these tend to involve more primitive in mental functions, such as hand-eye coordination, reflex response, and the processing of visual cues. one much-cited study of video gaming revealed that after just 10 days of playing action games on computers, a group of young people had significantly boosted the speed with which they could shift their visual focus between various images and task.
it is likely that web browsing also strengthens brain functions related to fast-paced problem solving, particularly when it requires sporting patterns in a welter of data. a british study of the way woman search for medical information online indicated that an experienced internet user can, at least in some cases, assess the trustworthiness and probable value of web page in a matter of seconds. the more we practice surfing and scanning, the more adept our brain becomes at those tasks.
but it would be a serious mistake to look narrowly at such benefits and conclude that the web is making us smarter. in a science article published in early 2009, prominent developmental psychologist patricia greenfield reviewed more than forty studies of the effects of various types of media on intelligence and learning ability. she concluded that “every medium develops some cognitive skills at the expense of others.” our growing use of the net and other screen-based technologies, she wrote, has lead to “the widespread and sophisticated development of visual-spatial skills.” but those gains go hand in hand, with a weakening of our capacity for the kind of “deep processing” that underpins “mindful knowledge acquisition, inducted analysis, critical thinking, imagination, and reflection.”
we know that, the human brain is highly plastic; neurons and synapses change as circumstances change. when we adapt to a new cultural phenomenon, including the use of a new medium, we end up with a different brain, says michael merzenich, a pioneer of the field of neuroplasticity. that means our online habits continue to reverberate in the workings of our brain cells even when we're not at the computer. we’re exercising the neural circuits devoted to skimming and multitasking while ignoring those used for reading and thinking deeply.
critics of new media sometimes use science itself to press their case, citing research that shows how “experience can change the brain.” but cognitive neuroscientists roll their eyes at such talk. yes, every time we learn a fact or a skill the writing of the brain changes; it is not as if the information is stored in the pancreas. but the existence of neural plasticity, does not mean the brain is a blob of clay pounded into shape by experience.
1. the author of the passage indicates which of the following about the use of screen-based technologies?
a. it should be thoroughly started.
b. it makes the brain increasingly rigid.
c. it has some positive effects.
d. it should be widely encouraged.
2. the author indicates that becoming adept at using internet can _______.
a. make people complacent about their health
b. undermine the ability to think deeply
c. increase people’s social contacts
d. improve people’s self confidence
3. as used in para 4, plastics most nearly means________________.
a. malleable b. artificial c. creativity d. sculptural
4. on which of the following points would the author most likely agree?
a. computer-savvy children tend to demonstrate better hand-eye coordination than do their parents.
b. those who criticize consumers of electronic media tend to overreact in their criticism.
c. improved vision-special skills do not generalize to improve their skills in other areas.
d. internet users are unlikely to prefer reading on screen text to reading actual books.
?5. the main purpose of the passage is to________________
a. compare brain function in those who play games on the internet and those who grows on it.
b. to report on the problem-solving skills of individuals with varying levels of internet experience.
c. take a position on increasing financial support for studies related to technology and intelligence.
d. make an argument about the effects of electronic media use on the brain.
questions 6-10 are based on the following passage.
passage 2
my emotions are complicated and not readily verifiable. i feel a vast yearning that is simultaneously a pleasure and a pain. i am certain of the consummation of this yearning, but i don't know yet what form it will take, since i do not understand quite what it is that the yearning desires. for the first time, there is borne in upon me the full truth of what i myself said to the doctor only an hour ago: that my motives in this undertaking are not entirely clear. four years, for a lifetime, the machinery of my destiny has worked in secret to prepare for this moment; its clockwork has moved exactly toward this time and place and no other. rising slowly from the earth that bore me and give me sustenance, i am carried helplessly toward an uninhabited and hostile, or at best indifferent, part of the earth, littered with the bones of explorers and the wrecks of ships, frozen supply caches, messages scrawled with chilled fingers and hidden in cairns that no eye will ever see.
nobody has succeeded in this thing, and many have died. yet in freely willing in this enterprise, in choosing this moment and no other when the south wind will carry me exactly northward at a velocity of eight knots. i have converted the machinery of my fate into the servant of my will. all these i understand, as i understand each detail of the technique by which this is carried out. what i don't understand is why i am so intent on going to this particular place. who wants the north pole! what good is it! can you eat it? will it carry you from gotheburg to malmo like a railway? the danish ministers have declared from their pulpits that participation in polar expedition is beneficial to the soul's eternal well-being, or so i read in the newspaper. it isn’t clear how this doctrine is to be interpreted, except that the pole is something difficult or impossible to attain which must nevertheless be sought for, because man is condemned to seek out and know everything whether or not the knowledge gives him pleasure. in short, it is the same unthinking lust for knowledge that drove our first parents out of the garden.
and suppose, you were to find it in spite of all, this wonderful place that everybody is so anxious to stand on. what would you find? practically nothing. a point precisely identical to all the others in a completely featureless wasteland stretching around it for hundreds of miles. it is an abstraction, a mathematical fiction. no one but a swedish madman could take the slightest interest in it. here i am. the wind is still from the south, bearing us steadily northward at the speed of trotting dog. behind us, perhaps forever, like the cities of men with their teacups and their brass bedsteads. i am going forth of my own violation to join the ghosts of bering and before franklin, of frozen de long and his men. what i am on the brink of knowing, i now see, is not that ephemeral mathematical spot but myself. the doctor was right, even though i dislike him. fundamentally, i am a dangerous madman, and what i do is both a challenge to my egotism and a surrender to it.
6. over the course of the passage, the narrator's attitude shifts from________.
a. fear about the expedition to excitement about it
b. doubt about his abilities to confidence in them
c. uncertainty of his motives to recognition of them
d. disdain for the north pole to appreciation of it
7. as used in para. 1, “not readily verifiable” most nearly means_____.
a. unable to be authenticated
b. likely to be contradicted
c. without empirical support
d. not completely understood
8. the narrator indicates that many previous explorers seeking the north pole have________.
a. perished in that attempt.
b. made surprising discoveries
c. failed to determine its exact location
d. had different motivations than his own
9. which choice best describes the narrator’s view of his expedition to the north pole?
a. immoral but inevitable
b. absurd but necessary
c. socially beneficial but misunderstood
d. scientifically important but hazardous
10. the question the narrator asks in para. 2 (“will it …railway”) most nearly implies that ______.
a. balloons will never replace other modes of transportation
b . the north pole is farther away than the cities usually reached by train
c. people often travel from one city to another without considering the implications
d. reaching the north pole has no foreseeable benefit to humanity
questions 11-15 are based on the following passage.
passage 3
psychologists agree that i.q. contributes only about 20 percent of the factors that determine success. a full 80 percent comes from other factors, including what i call emotional intelligence. following are two of the major qualities that make up emotional intelligence, and how they can be developed.
1. self-awareness. the ability to recognize a feeling as it happens is the keystone of emotional intelligence. people with greater certainty about their emotions are better pilots of their lives.
developing self-awareness requires tuning in to what neurologist antonio damasio calls “gut feelings”. gut feelings can occur without a person being consciously aware of them. for example, when people who fear snakes are shown a picture of a snake, sensors on their skin will detect sweat, a sign of anxiety, even though the people say they do not feel fear. the sweat shows up even when a picture is presented so rapidly that the subject has no conscious awareness of seeing it.
through deliberate effort we can become more aware of our gut feelings. take someone who is annoyed by a rude encounter for hours after it occurred. he may be unaware of his irritability and surprised when someone calls attention to it. but if he evaluates his feelings, he can change them. emotional self-awareness is the building block of the next fundamental of emotional intelligence: being able to shake off a bad mood.
2. mood management. bad as well as good moods spice life and build character. the key is balance.
we often have little control over when we are swept by emotion. but we can have some say in how long that emotion will last. psychologist dianne tice asked more than 400 men and women about their strategies for escaping foul moods. her research, along with that of other psychologists, provides valuable information on how to change a bad mood.
of all the moods that people want to escape, rage seems to be the hardest to deal with. when someone in another car cuts you off on a highway, your instant response may be, that jerk! he could have hit me! i can let him get away with that! the more you stew, the angrier you get. such is the stuff of hypertension and reckless driving.
what should you do to relieve rage? one myth is that ventilating will make you feel better. in fact, researchers have found that's one of the worst strategies. a more effective technique is “reframing” which means consciously seeing a situation in a more positive light. in the case of the driver who cuts you off, you might tell yourself: maybe he had some emergency. this is one of the most potent ways, tice found, to put anger to rest.
going off alone to cool down is also an effective way to refuse anger, especially if you can't think clearly. tice found that a large proportion of men cool down by going for a drive---a finding that inspired her to drive more defensively. a safer alternative is exercise, such as taking a long walk. whatever you do, don't waste the time pursuing your train of angry thoughts. you aim should be to distract yourself. the techniques of reframing and distraction can alleviate depression and anxiety as well as anger. add to them such relaxation techniques as deep breathing and meditation and you have powerful weapons against bad moods.
11. what are gut feelings?
a. they are feelings one is born with.
b. they are feelings one may be unaware of.
c. they are feelings of fear and anxiety.
d. they are feelings felt by sensible people.
12. according to the author, the importance of knowing one’s gut feelings is that __________.
a. one can develop them
b. one can call others’ attention to them
c. one may get rid of them
d. one may control them
13. on mood control, the author seems to suggest that we _________ .
a. can control the occurrence of our mood
b. are often unaware of what mood we are in
c. can determine the duration of mood
d. lack strategies for controlling moods
14. the essence of “reframing” is __________.
a. to adopt a positive attitude
b. to forget the unpleasant situation
c. to protect oneself properly
d. to avoid road accidents
15. what is the best title for the passage?
a. what is emotional intelligence
b. how to control ones gut feelings
c. strategies for getting rid of foul moods
d. how to develop emotional intelligence
section b: read the following passage and answer the questions followed. write your answers on the answer sheet. (2x5 =10 points)
a man or woman makes direct contact with society in two ways: as a member of some familial, professional or religious group, or as a member of a crowd. groups are capable of being as moral and intelligent as the individuals who form them; a crowd is chaotic, has no purpose of its own and is capable of anything except intelligent action and realistic thinking. assembled in a crowd, people lose their powers of reasoning and their capacity for moral choice. their suggestibility is increased to the point where they cease to have any judgment or will of their own. they become very excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collective responsibility, and they are subject to sudden excesses of rage, enthusiasm and panic. in a word, a man in a crowd behaves as though he had swallowed a large dose of some powerful intoxicant. he is a victim of what i have called “herd-poisoning”. like alcohol, herd-poison is an active, extravagant drug. the crowd-intoxicated individual escapes from responsibility, intelligence and morality into a kind of frantic, animal mindlessness.
reading is a private, not a collective activity. the writer speaks only to individuals, sitting by themselves in a state of normal sobriety. the orator speaks to masses of individuals, already well primed with herd-poison. they are at his mercy and, if he knows his business, he can do what he likes with them.
unlike the masses, intellectuals have a taste for rationality and an interest in facts. their critical habit of mind makes them resistant to the kind of propaganda that works so well on the majority. intellectuals are the kind of people who demand evidence and are shocked by logical inconsistencies and fallacies. they regard over-simplification as the original sin of the mind and have no use for the slogans, the unqualified assertions and sweeping generalizations which are the propagandist's stock-in-trade.
philosophy teaches us to feel uncertain about the things that seem to us self-evident. propaganda, on the other hand, teaches us to accept as self-evident matters about which

it would be reasonable to suspend our judgment or to feel doubt. the propagandist must therefore be consistently dogmatic. all his statements are made without qualification. there are no grays in his picture of the world; everything is either diabolically black or celestially white. he must never admit that he might be wrong or that people with a different point of view might be even partially right. opponents should not be argued with; they should be attacked, shouted down, or if they become too much of a nuisance, liquidated.
virtue and intelligence belong to human beings as individuals freely associating with other individuals in small groups. so do sin and stupidity. but the subhuman mindlessness to which the demagogue makes his appeal, the moral imbecility on which he relies when he goads his victims into action, are characteristic not of men and women as individuals, but of men and women in masses. mindlessness and moral idiocy are not characteristically human attributes; they are symptoms of herd-poisoning. in all the world's higher religions, salvation and enlightenment are for individuals. the kingdom of heaven is within the mind of a person, not within the collective mindlessness of a crowd.
in an age of accelerating over-population, of accelerating over-organization and ever more efficient means of mass communication, how can we preserve the integrity and reassert the value of the human individual? this is a question that can still be asked and perhaps effectively answered. a generation from now it may be too late to find an answer and perhaps impossible, in the stifling collective climate of that future time, even to ask the question.
16. what is the main point of the first paragraph?
17. can there be a crowd of intellectuals and philosophers? and why or why not?
18. list the items that are characteristic of individuals or groups according to the author.
19. what does “the qualified assertion ” in paragraph 3 mean?
20. what are the three factors mentioned in the last paragraph which are increasing the power of masses in our age?
part iii writing (30 points)
some people hold the view that a student’s success in university study follows the same pattern as that of farming, which is characterized by the sowing the seeds, nurturing growth and harvesting the rewards’ process.
write an essay on the topic given below to support this view with your own experience as a university student. you should clearly state your opinion and explain the reasons for your opinion.
sowing the seeds, nurturing growth and harvesting the rewards

marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, and appropriateness.
your essay must be no less than 400 words and must be written on the answer sheet.